Troubleshooting¶
How to read a traceback¶
If there is an error in your code, the command line will display a “traceback” (error message) that is formatted something like this:
C:\oTree\chris> otree resetdb
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\oTree\chris\manage.py", line 10, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv, script_file=__file__)
File "c:\otree\core\otree\management\cli.py", line 170, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "C:\oTree\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 328, in execute
django.setup()
File "C:\oTree\venv\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py", line 18, in setup
apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
File "C:\oTree\venv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 108, in populate
app_config.import_models(all_models)
File "C:\oTree\venv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py", line 198, in import_models
self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
__import__(name)
File "C:\oTree\chris\public_goods_simple\models.py", line 40
self.total_contribution = sum([p.contribution for p in self.get_players()])
^
IndentationError: expected an indented block
Your first step should be to look at the last lines of the message.
Specifically, find the file and line number of the last entry.
In the above example, it’s "C:\oTree\chris\public_goods_simple\models.py", line 40.
Open that file and go to that line number to see if there is a problem there.
Specifically, look for the problem mentioned at the last line of the traceback.
In this example, it is IndentationError: expected an indented block
(which indicates that the problem has to do with code indentation).
Python editors like PyCharm usually underline errors in red to make them easier to find.
Try to fix the error then run the command again.
Sometimes the last line of the traceback refers to a file that is not part of your code.
For example, in the below traceback, the last line refers to /site-packages/easymoney.py,
which is not part of my app, but rather an external package:
Traceback:
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
132. response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py" in view
71. return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/decorators.py" in _wrapper
34. return bound_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/views/decorators/cache.py" in _wrapped_view_func
57. response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/decorators.py" in bound_func
30. return func.__get__(self, type(self))(*args2, **kwargs2)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/decorators.py" in _wrapper
34. return bound_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/views/decorators/cache.py" in _cache_controlled
43. response = viewfunc(request, *args, **kw)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/decorators.py" in bound_func
30. return func.__get__(self, type(self))(*args2, **kwargs2)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/otree/views/abstract.py" in dispatch
315. request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py" in dispatch
89. return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/otree/views/abstract.py" in get
814. return super(FormPageMixin, self).get(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/vanilla/model_views.py" in get
294. context = self.get_context_data(form=form)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/otree/views/abstract.py" in get_context_data
193. vars_for_template = self.resolve_vars_for_template()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/otree/views/abstract.py" in resolve_vars_for_template
212. context.update(self.vars_for_template() or {})
File "/Users/chris/oTree/public_goods/views.py" in vars_for_template
108. 'total_payoff': self.player.payoff + Constants.fixed_pay}
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/easymoney.py" in <lambda>
36. return lambda self, other, context=None: self.__class__(method(self, _to_decimal(other)))
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/easymoney.py" in _to_decimal
24. return Decimal(amount)
Exception Type: TypeError at /p/j0p7dxqo/public_goods/ResultsFinal/8/
Exception Value: conversion from NoneType to Decimal is not supported
In these situations, look to see if any of your code is contained in the traceback.
Above we can see that the traceback goes through the file /Users/chris/oTree/public_goods/views.py,
which is part of my project. The bug is on line 108, as indicated.
Error pages¶
If the error occurs when you are loading a page, you will instead see the error in a yellow Django error page:
The section “Traceback” shows the same type of traceback as described above, just with some special formatting; you can troubleshoot it the same way as described above (e.g. look at the last line, particularly the lines highlighted in dark gray).
If you can’t figure out the error message, you can send it to the oTree mailing list. It’s best to use to “copy and paste view” to get the raw traceback, which is more useful than sending a screenshot of the yellow page.